No Pay. Pal donations SPAMEditors Note password will open the archive. How To Become A Hacker. Copyright 2. 00. Eric S. Raymond. Revision History. Revision 1. 5. 00. October 2. 01. 7esr. Link to Things Every Hacker Once Knew. Mention USB stick. Mant updated translation links. Revision 1. 5. 01. July 2. 01. 5esr. Added link to Lets Go Larval. Revision 1. 4. 92. November 2. 01. 4esr. Added link to How To Learn Hacking. Revision 1. 4. 81. June 2. 01. 4esr. Revision 1. 4. 72. May 2. 01. 4esr. Fix up various stale links. Join a hackerspaceRevision 1. Sep 2. 01. 3esr. Add micropatronage explanation and gittip link. Why you should not ask me for advice on how to get started. Revision 1. 4. 51. May 2. 01. 3esr. Open Solaris isnt, and Unity screwed the pooch. Revision 1. 4. 42. May 2. 01. 2esr. Updated the critique of Java. Revision 1. 4. 30. Feb 2. 01. 1esr. Python passed Perl in popularity in 2. Revision 1. 4. 22. Oct 2. 01. 0esr. Added Historical note. Revision 1. 4. 03 Nov 2. Link fixes. Revision 1. Aug 2. 00. 8esr. Link fixes. Revision 1. 3. 88 Jan 2. Deprecate Java as a language to learn early. Revision 1. 3. 74 Oct 2. Recommend Ubuntu as a Unix distro for newbies. As editor of the Jargon. File and author of a few other well known documents of similar. I often get email requests from enthusiastic network newbies. I learn to be a wizardly hacker. Back in. 1. 99. 6 I noticed that there didnt seem to be any other FAQs or web. I started this. one. A lot of hackers now consider it definitive, and I. Still, I dont claim to be the exclusive. If you are reading a snapshot of this document offline, the. Note there is a list of Frequently Asked. Questions at the end of this document. Please read. thesetwicebefore mailing me any questions about this. Numerous translations of this document are available. Arabic. Belorussian. Bulgarian. Chinese. Danish. Dutch. Estonian. French. German. Greek. Hungarian. Japanese. Lithuanian. Norwegian. Persian. Polish. Portuguese. Romanian. Spanish. Note that since this document changes occasionally, they may be out of. The five dots in nine squares diagram that decorates this. It is a simple. pattern with some surprising properties in a mathematical simulation. I think it makes a good. Read more about the glider emblem here. If you find this document valuable, please support me on Patreon. And. consider also supporting other hackers who have produced code that you. Lots of small but continuing donations add up quickly. The Jargon. File contains a bunch of definitions of the term hacker. If you want to know how to. There is a community, a shared culture, of expert programmers. ARPAnet. experiments. The members of this culture originated the term. Hackers built the Internet. Hackers made the. Unix operating system what it is today. Vorlagen Gutscheine Kostenlos Ausdrucken Seiten. Hackers make the World Wide. Web work. If you are part of this culture, if you have contributed to. The hacker mind set is not confined to this software hacker. There are people who apply the hacker attitude to other. Software hackers recognize. But in the rest of this document we will focus on the skills and. There is another group of people who loudly call themselves. These are people mainly adolescent males who. Real hackers call these people crackers and. Real hackers mostly think crackers are. Unfortunately, many. The basic difference is this hackers build things, crackers. If you want to be a hacker, keep reading. If you want to be a cracker. And thats all Im going to say about. Hackers solve problems and build things, and they believe in freedom. To be accepted as a hacker, you have to. And to. behave as though you have the attitude, you have to really believe the. But if you think of cultivating hacker attitudes as just a way. Becoming. the kind of person who believes these things is important for. As with all creative arts, the most effective way to. Or, as the following modern Zen poem has it To follow the path look to the master,follow the master,walk with the master,see through the master,become the master. So, if you want to be a hacker, repeat the following things until. The world is full of fascinating problems waiting to be solved. Being a hacker is lots of fun, but its a kind of fun that takes. The effort takes motivation. Successful athletes get. Similarly, to be a hacker you have to get a basic thrill from solving. If you arent the kind of person that feels this way naturally, youll. Otherwise youll. You also have to develop a kind of faith in your own learning. No problem should ever have to be solved twice. Creative brains are a valuable, limited resource. They shouldnt be. To behave like a hacker, you have to believe that the thinking time of. Note, however, that No problem should ever have to be solved. Often, we learn a lot about the problem that we didnt. Its OK, and. often necessary, to decide that we can do better. Whats not OK is. You dont have to believe that youre obligated to give. Its consistent with hacker values to sell enough of it to keep you in. Its fine to use your hacking skills to. Boredom and drudgery are evil. Hackers and creative people in general should never be bored or have. This wastefulness hurts everybody. Therefore boredom and drudgery are. To behave like a hacker, you have to believe this enough to want to. There is one apparent exception to this. Hackers will. sometimes do things that may seem repetitive or boring to an observer. But this. is by choice nobody who can think should ever be forced into a. Hackers are naturally anti authoritarian. Anyone who can give you. So the. authoritarian attitude has to be fought wherever you find it, lest. This isnt the same as fighting all authority. Children need to be. A hacker may agree to accept some. But thats a limited, conscious. Authoritarians thrive on censorship and secrecy. And they. distrust voluntary cooperation and information sharing they. So to behave. like a hacker, you have to develop an instinctive hostility to. And you have to be willing to act on that. Attitude is no substitute for competence. To be a hacker, you have to develop some of these attitudes. But. copping an attitude alone wont make you a hacker, any more than it. Becoming a hacker. Therefore, you have to learn to distrust attitude and respect. Hackers wont let posers waste their time. Competence at demanding skills that. If you revere competence, youll enjoy developing it in yourself. That attitude is vital to becoming a. The hacker attitude is vital, but skills are even more vital. Attitude is no substitute for competence, and theres a certain basic. This toolkit changes slowly over time as technology creates new skills. For example, it used to include programming. HTML. But. right now it pretty clearly includes the following This, of course, is the fundamental hacking skill. If you dont. know any computer languages, I recommend starting with Python. It is. cleanly designed, well documented, and relatively kind to beginners. Despite being a good first language, it is not just a toy it is very. I have. written a more detailed evaluation of. Python. Good tutorials are. Python. web site theres an excellent third party one at Computer Science. Circles. I used to recommend Java as a good language to learn early, but. The Pitfalls of. Java as a First Programming Language within it. A hacker. cannot, as they devastatingly put it approach problem solving. Now I think it is. C and Lisp first, then Java. There is perhaps a more general point here. If a language does too. Its not only languages that have this. Ruby. On. Rails, Cake. PHP, Django. may make it too easy to reach a superficial sort of understanding that. If you get into serious programming, you will have to learn C. Unix. C is very closely related to C if you. Neither language. And, actually. the more you can avoid programming in C the more productive you will. C is very efficient, and very sparing of your machines. Unfortunately, C gets that efficiency by requiring you to. All that low level code is complex and bug prone, and will soak up. With todays machines as.